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ارزیابی نقش جنسیت در احساس امنیت شهروندان در محلات مسکونی با رویکردی بر نظریه بی نظمی (نمونه موردی: پنانگ، مالزی) | ||
فصلنامه مطالعات شهری | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 5، شماره 18، اردیبهشت 1395، صفحه 21-36 اصل مقاله (837.03 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
معصومه هدایتی مرزبالی* 1؛ محمدجواد مقصودی تیلکی2 | ||
1دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد آیت ا.. آملی | ||
2دانشگاه پیام نور | ||
چکیده | ||
افزایش وقوع جرایم شهری و راهبرد محوری شهرها در دستیابی به توسعه پایدار، موجب شده تا در طی نیم قرن اخیر محققان در خصوص ریشه های ناامنی و نتایج آن در شهرهای کشورهای توسعه یافته نظریهپردازی کنند. مجموعهای از این نظریهها که به ناهنجاری های محیطی شهره گشته اند، تاکید دارند که ناهنجاری های محیطی می تواند بر افزایش ترس از جرم تاثیرگذار باشد. اگرچه مباحث تئوریک و پیشنیه تحقیقات نظری اتفاق نظر بر رابطه مستقیم میان گستردگی ناهنجاری ها و احساس ترس شهروندان در محیط های شهری دارند، اما تحقیقات ناشی از آزمایش های عملی برای سنجش این رابطه بسیار محدود و در شهرهای کشورهای در حال توسعه علیرغم همه چالش های امنیتی رو به رشد آن، نادر می باشد. از این رو، این تحقیق تلاش میکند ارتباط میان بینظمی، ریسک درکشده و ترس از جرم با تکیه بر متغیر جنسیت به عنوان یک متغیر کنترل را بواسطه یک آزمون عملی بررسی نماید. برای نیل به هدف تحقیق، جامعه آماری مشتمل بر 160 نفر از ساکنین یکی از محلات مسکونی در مالزی مورد پیمایش میدانی با ابزار پرسشنامه قرار گرفته اند و دادههای جمعآوری شده بواسطه مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصله نشان میدهد علاوه بر رابطهی مستقیم، یک رابطهی غیرمستقیم نیز میان میزان بینظمی و احساس نگرانی از جرم به واسطهی ریسک درکشده وجود دارد. همسو با تحقیقات پیشین، این پژوهش تاکید می کند که زنان بیش از مردان، در برابر افزایش ناهنجاری های محیطی، ریسک درکشده و نگرانی از جرم فزاینده تری را تجربه کرده اند. نتایج این پژوهش، با آزمون عملی نظریهی بینظمی در یک محله شهری کشور در حال توسعه، نشان می دهد که یافته-های مطالعات تحقیقاتی پیشین ارجاع پذیر و قابل تعمیم می باشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
"بی نظمی کالبدی"؛ "ترس از جرم"؛ "ریسک درک شده"؛ "محیط مسکونی"؛ "مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری" | ||
مراجع | ||
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