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بررسی توانایی طراحی تکلیف مدرسان ریاضی در خصوص دو عمل جمع و تفریق (مبنا: موقعیتهای طرح مسئله) | ||
تدریس پژوهی | ||
مقاله 5، دوره 8، شماره 2، تیر 1399، صفحه 129-100 اصل مقاله (1.44 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): https://doi.org/10.34785/J012.2020.932 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ابراهیم ریحانی* 1؛ مهدی ایزدی2 | ||
1دانشیار آموزش ریاضی، گروه ریاضی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران | ||
2دانشجوی دکتری رشته آموزش ریاضی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی توانایی طراحی تکلیف معلمان دوره ابتدایی بر اساس موقعیتهای طرح مسئله در خصوص دو عمل جمع و تفریق و با استفاده از روش توصیفی -پیمایشی انجام شد. جامعه آماری این تحقیق، معلمان دوره ابتدایی کشور بود. برای نمونهگیری از روش نمونهگیری در دسترس و برای جمعآوری دادهها، از آزمونی محقق ساخته استفاده شد که توانایی طراحی تکلیف ارزشیابی معلمان را از طریق طرح مسئله آزاد بر اساس مدل استویانووا و الرتون (1996) در مورد دو عمل جمع و تفریق موردبررسی قرار میداد. مسائل طرح شده توسط معلمان بر اساس دو محور 1) عمل جمع و تفریق و 2) طراحی تکلیف مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج تحلیل بر اساس محور اول مشخص کرد که مسائل نمادی طرحشده بیشتر محدود به دو قالب "نتیجه مجهول (جمع)" و " نتیجه مجهول (تفریق)" و مسائل کلامی طرحشده در اکثر موارد محدود به دو قالب "تغییر" و "ترکیب" بودند و تکالیف طرحشده از تنوع مناسب برخوردار نبودند. تحلیل مسائل بر اساس محور دوم نیز نشان داد که تعداد بسیار کمی از مسائل نمادی و کلامی طرح شده باز پاسخ بودند. با اینکه اکثر مسائل طرح شده (% 89)، مرتبط با زندگی واقعی بودند، اما مسئلهای از نوع حل مسائل عملی (واقعی) در بین آنها وجود نداشت و مسائلی که به طور کامل "موثق" و "غنی" باشند، نیز مشاهده نشد. تهیه محتواهای آموزشی مناسب در خصوص طراحی تکلیف ریاضی و برگزاری دورهها و کارگاههای توانمندسازی دانشجو معلمان و معلمان دوره ابتدایی بر اساس آن، مهمترین پیشنهاد حاصل از این مطالعه است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
طراحی تکلیف؛ معلمان دوره ابتدایی؛ طرح مسئله؛ جمع و تفریق | ||
مراجع | ||
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