Challenges of Professional Learning Communities in Elementary Schools and Practices for Establishing it: Teachers’ Point of view

Admiraal, Wilfried, Schenke, Wouter, De Jong, Loes, Emmelot, Yolande, & Sligte, Henk (2021). Schools as professional learning communities: what can schools do to support professional development of their teachers?, Professional Development in Education, 47:4, 684698, DOI: 10.1080/19415257.2019.1665573

Akiba, M., & Liang, G. (2016). Effects of teacher professional learning activities on student achievement growth. The Journal of Educational Research, 109(1), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2014.924470

Alhanachi, Sabrina A.L. de Meijer, Lonneke, & E. Severiens, Sabine (2021). Improving culturally responsive teaching through professional learning communities: A qualitative study in Dutch pre-vocational schools, International Journal of Educational Research,Volume 105, 101698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101698.

Antinluoma, Markku, Ilomäki, Liisa, Lahti-Nuuttila, Pekka, & Toom, Auli. (2018). Schools as Professional Learning Communities, Journal of Education and Learning; 7 (5), 76-91.

Brandt, R. (1992). On building learning communities: A conversation with Hank Levin. Education Leadership, 50(1), 19-20.

Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (1990). Grounded theory research: Procedures, canons, and evaluative criteria. Qualitative Sociology, 13, 3-21.

Cordingley, P. ( 2015). The contribution of research to teachers’ professional learning and development. Oxford review of education, 41 (2), 234–252. doi:10.1080/03054985.2015.1020105

Darling-Hammond, R., et al., (2009). Professional learning in the learning profession: A status report on teacher development in the United States and abroad. United States: National Staff Development Counsel.

DuFour, R., & DuFour, R., (2010). Learning by doing: a handbook for professional learning communities at work. Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree Press

DuFour, R., DuFour, R., & Eaker, R. (2008). Revisiting professional learning communities at work: New insights for improving schools. Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree.

DuFour, R., & Eaker, R. (1998). Professional learning communities at work: Best practices for enhancing student achievement. Bloomington, IN: National Educational Service.

Feldman, Jennifer. (2020). The role of professional learning communities to support teacher development: A social practice theory perspective, South African Journal of Education, 40(1), 1-8, DOI: 10.15700/saje.v40n1a1668

Fullan, M. (1991).The new meaning of educational change, London: Cassell.

Garet, M. S., Porter, A. C., Desimone, L., Birman, B. F., & Suk Yoon, K. (2001). What makes professional development effective? Results from a national sample of teachers. American Educational Research Journal, 38(4), 915-945

Gaspar, S. (2010). Leadership and the professional learning community (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved August 8, 2014 from http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cehsedaddiss/43/.

Hattamian, Jamal, Zeinabadi, Hassan Reza, Abdollahi, Bijan, and Abbasian, Hossein (2018). Identifying, Designing and Testing the Patterns of the Antecedents of Professional Learning Communities in Elementary Schools: A Mixed Study. Research in teacher training, 1(3), 73-104.

Hord, S.M. (2009) Professional Learning Communities: Educators Work Together towards a Shared Purpose; Improve Student Learning, National Staff Development Council, 30, 40-43

Hord, S. M. (2008). Evolution of the professional learning community. JSD: The journal of the National Staff Development Council, 29(3), 10-13.

Hosseinpour Toulazdehi, Sh., Zeinabadi, H., Abdollahi, B., & Abbasian, H. (2017). School as a research-oriented professional learning community; a phenomenological research. Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovations, 16(63), 7-24. (In Persian)

Huffman, J. B., & Hipp, K. K. (2003). Reculturing schools as professional learning communities. Lanham. MD:Scarecrow Education.

Huijboom, Fred, Van Meeuwen, Pierre, Rusman, Ellen, and Vermeulen, Marjan (2021). Keeping track of the development of professional learning communities in schools: the construction of two qualitative classification instruments. Professional Development in Education, 47 (4), 667–683.

Itumeleng, Setlhodi, (2020). Collaboration practices between the two tiers of school leadership in eradicating underperformance. South African Journal of Education. 40. 1-11. 10.15700/saje.v40n3a1796.

Lakshmanan, A., Heath, B. P., Perlmutter, A., & Elder, M. (2011). The impact of science content and professional learning communities on science teaching efficacy and standards-based instruction. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48(5), 534–551. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.20404

Mirahmadi, Kh., Khorasani, A., Abolghasemi, M., & Mehri, D. (2019). Journal of Training & Learning Researches, 16(1), 1-14. (In Persian)

National Staff Development Council (2001). Standards for staff development, revised. Oxford, OH: NSDC.

Nkengbeza, D. (2014). Building a Professional Learning Community in a Conflict and Post-Conflict Environment: A Case Study of a High School in Liberia. University of Jyvaskyla Printing House, Jyväskylä. Available At: https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstream/handle/123456789/42773/978-951-39-5552-6_vaitos17012014.pdf;sequence=1

Nkengbeza, David, & Heystek, Jan. (2017). Professional Learning Communities: A Comparative Study of Three Educational Areas in the North West Province of South Africa. Open Journal of Social Sciences. 5. 98-119. 10.4236/jss.2017.54010.

Olivier, D., Antoine, S., Cormier, R., Lewis, V., Minckler, C., & Stadalis, M. (2009, March). Assessing schools as professional learning communities’ symposium. Paper presented at the Annual meeting of the Louisiana Education Research Association, Lafayette, Louisiana

Qian Haiyan, & Walker Allan. (2021): Creating conditions for professional learning communities (PLCs) in schools in China: the role of school principals, Professional Development in Education, DOI: 10.1080/19415257.2020.1770839

Qiao, X., Yu, S., & Zhang, L. (2018). A review of research on professional learning communities in mainland China (2006–2015): Key findings and emerging themes. Educational Management Administration, & Leadership, 46(5), 713–728. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143217707523.

Opfer, V.D., & Pedder, D., (2011). Conceptualizing teacher professional learning. Review of educational research, 81(3), 376–407. Doi: 10.3102/0034654311413609.

Rogers, Everett M. (1995). Diffusion of Innovations, fourth Edition, New York: The Free Press.

Senge, P. ( 2006). The fifth discipline:The art and practice of the learning organization, 2nd ed. Century, London

Sergiovanni, T. ( 1994), Building community in schools, San Francisco: CA: Jossey Bass,.

Sparks, D., & Hirsh, S, (1997). A new vision for staff development. Oxford, OH: National Staff Development Council and Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Sukru Bellibas, Mehmet, Bulut, Okan, & Gedik, Serafettin (2016): Investigating professional learning communities in Turkish schools: the effects of contextual factors, Professional Development in Education, DOI: 10.1080/19415257.2016.1182937.

Tayag, Jarrent, R. (2020). Professional Learning Communities in Schools: Challenges and Opportunities, Universal Journal of Educational Research 8(4): 1529-1534, DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2020.080446.

Tschannen-Moran, M., & Hoy, A. W. (2001). Teacher efficacy: Capturing an elusive construct. Teaching and Teacher Education, 17(7), 783–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-051X (01)00036-1.

Vangrieken, K., Katrien, Meredith, Chloé, Packer, Tlalit, Kyndt, Eva (2017). Teacher communities as a context for professional development: A systematic review. Teaching and teacher education, 61, 47–59. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2016.10.001

Xin, Zheng, Hongbiao, Yin, & Yuan, Liu (2021). Are professional learning communities beneficial for teachers? A multilevel analysis of teacher self-efficacy and commitment in China, School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 32:2, 197-217, DOI: 10.1080/09243453.2020.1808484

Zhang, X., & Wong, J.L., (2018). How do teachers learn together? A study of school-based teacher learning in China from the perspective of organizational learning. Teachers and Teaching, 24 (2), 119–134. Doi: 10.1080/13540602.2017.1388227.

Zheng, X., Yin, H., & Li, Z. (2019). Exploring the relationships among instructional leadership, professional learning communities and teacher self-efficacy in China. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 47(6), 843–859. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143218764176.