
تعداد نشریات | 31 |
تعداد شمارهها | 357 |
تعداد مقالات | 3,464 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 4,390,548 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 5,069,803 |
شناسایی موانع و راهکارهای توسعۀ اشتغالپذیریِ فارغالتحصیلانِ کارشناسی در دورههای علوم رفتاری | ||
مدیریت دانشگاهی | ||
مقاله 4، دوره 1، شماره 2، مهر 1401، صفحه 100-73 اصل مقاله (557.47 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jam.2022.62472 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مرتضی فرنگ* 1؛ محمد قهرمانی2؛ محمود ابوالقاسمی2؛ فرنوش اعلامی3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکترا، رشته مدیریت آموزش عالی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران. | ||
2دانشیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
3استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
هدف کلی پژوهش، شناسایی موانع و راهکارهای توسعۀ اشتغالپذیریِ فارغالتحصیلان از دیدگاه اساتید، کارفرمایان و صاحبنظران حوزه اشتغال برای مقطع کارشناسی در دورههای علوم رفتاری است. پژوهش حاضر یک تحقیقِ کیفی از نوع پدیدارشناسی میباشد. مشارکت-کنندگان این پژوهش را اساتید، کارفرمایان تشکیل میدهد. روش نمونهگیری در تحقیق کیفی، روش نمونه-گیری هدفمند از نوع نمونهگیری نظری میباشد. از میان شرکتکنندگان در مصاحبه 15 نفر از اساتید و 12 نفر از کارفرمایان بودند. گردآوری دادهها از طریق انجام مصاحبه نیمهساختاریافته صورت گرفت. روایی محتوایی ابزار مصاحبهها توسط 5 نفر از صاحبنظران آموزش عالی بررسیشده و پس از تأیید به کار گرفته شد. تجزیهوتحلیل دادهها با روش تحلیلمضمون میباشد. تحلیل اولین مصاحبه با کدگذاری باز آغاز گردید و در نهایت در مصاحبه 27 به اشباعنظری رسید. در مجموع 109 مضمون مرتبط با چالشها و موانعِ توسعۀ اشتغالپذیری فارغالتحصیلان از این مصاحبهها احصا شد. سرانجام، در 6 مانع اصلی از قبیل: «موانع فردی»، «موانع دانشگاهی»، «موانع اجتماعی»، «موانع فرهنگی»، «موانع اقتصادی»، «موانع سیاسی» و 21 مانع فرعی شامل: مشکلات شناختی-رفتاری، ضعف انگیزشی، زیادهخواهی، فقدان مهارتهای کارآفرینی، ضعف شایستگیهای تحصیلی و شغلی، عدم کیفیت دورههای آموزشی، ضعف دانشگاهی، نقصان برنامه درسی، فقدان بسترهای اجتماعی مناسب، ناسازگاری سازمانها، ضعف فرهنگی، کمبود برنامههای شغلی، ناعدالتی در استخدامیها، نیازسنجی نامناسب، ضعف اقتصادی، ناهماهنگی سرمایه انسانی و بازار کار، عدم ارتباط با بازار کار، کمبود منابع مالی، نبود مدیریت اثربخش، سیاستهای ناکارآمد، و کاهش تعاملات بینالمللی طبقهبندی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که مهم-ترین راهکارِ توسعۀ اشتغالپذیری از نظر اساتید و کارفرمایان، ضرورت اصلاح و بازنگری در برنامههای درسی است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
موانع؛ اشتغالپذیری؛ فارغالتحصیلان؛ کارشناسی؛ علوم رفتاری | ||
مراجع | ||
Afshari, T., & Hosseini, S. S. (2015). Identifying and Analyzing the Employment Barriers in Educational Sciences from MA Students’ Viewpoints in Tehran. Journal of Management and Planning In Educational System, 8(2), 105-118. [in Persian] Ahmadinejad, F., Kamali, Y., & Sheikhzadeh Joshani, S. (2021). “Challenges of Development Policies Implementation in Iran: A Thematic Analysis. Management and Development Process”, 34 (2), 29-62. [in Persian] Akharti, M., Ahangri, E., & Tahan, M. (2018). “The Study of the Most Important Barriers Affecting The Employment Of Rural”. Scientific Research Quarterly of Woman and Culture, 10(35), 105-116. [in Persian] Alibaygi, A. H., Barani, S., Karamidehkordi, E., & Pouya, M. (2013). Employability Determinants of Senior Agricultural Students in Iran. Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology, 15(4). Ayala Calvo, J. C., & Manzano García, G. (2020). “The influence of psychological capital on graduates’ perception of employability: the mediating role of employability skills”. Higher Education Research & Development, 1-16. Ayoubi, R. M., Alzarif, K., & Khalifa, B. (2017). “The employability skills of business graduates in Syria: do policymakers and employers speak the same language?. “Education+ Training, 59(1), 61-75. Barabadi, S. A., Mohammadi, M., & Asadi, A. (2009). “Analysis of educational and socio-cultural barriers to the employment of agricultural graduates”. Social, economic, scientific, cultural monthly, 109, 92-100. [in Persian] Beaumont, E., Gedye, S., & Richardson, S. (2016). ‘Am I employable?’: Understanding students' employability confidence and their perceived barriers to gaining employment. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 19, 1-9. Bennett, D., & Ananthram, S. (2021). “Development, validation and deployment of the EmployABILITY scale. Studies in Higher Education”, 1-15. Bhanugopan, R., & Fish, A. (2009). Achieving graduate employability through consensus in the South Pacific island nation. Education+ training, 51(2), 108-123. Broumand, M.R., Hemmatinejad, M.A., Ramezaninejad, R., Razavi, S.M. H., & Malik Akhlaq, I. (2011). Examining the employment barriers of Iranian physical education and sports science graduates. Journal of sport management and motor behavior, 7 (14), 51-72. [in Persian] Cloutman, J. (2020). “Towards a new model in employability development for mature age professionals (Doctoral dissertation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia)”. Coetzee, M., & Beukes, C. J. (2010). Employability, emotional intelligence and career preparation support satisfaction among adolescents in the school-to-work transition phase. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 20(3), 439-446. Donald, W. E., Ashleigh, M. J., & Baruch, Y. (2018). “Students’ perceptions of education and employability: Facilitating career transition from higher education into the labor market”. Career development international. Ezeani, E. (2018). Barriers to graduate employment and entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies. Farasatkhah, M. (2004). Women, Higher Education And The Labor Market. Quarterly Journal of Women’s Studies, 2 (1), 147-163. [in Persian] Farhadi Rad, H., Parsa, A., & Rajabi, E. (2020). Employability of Iranian Engineering Graduates: Influential Factors, Consequences and Strategies. Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability, 11(1), 110-130. Fernandez, R., Hijzen, A., Pacifico, D., & Thewissen, S. (2020). “Identifying and addressing employment barriers in Belgium, Korea and Norway. OECD Social, Employment, and Migration Working Papers”, (249), 1-48. Foo, J. L. (2022). “Barriers in Employability of Fresh Graduates in the Construction Industry in Malaysia (Doctoral dissertation, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College)”. Fotiadou, M. (2020). “Denaturalising the discourse of competition in the graduate job market and the notion of employability: a corpus-based study of UK university websites”. Critical Discourse Studies, 17(3), 260-291. Gintis, H. (2007). “A framework for the unification of the behavioral sciences. Behavioral and brain sciences”, 30(1), 1-16. Horn, G. (2006). Education solutions to improve the employability of senior high school learners. South African journal of education, 26(1), 113-128. Hosain, M. S., Mustafi, M. A. A., & Parvin, T. (2021). Factors affecting the employability of private university graduates: an exploratory study on Bangladeshi employers. PSU Research Review. Idaka, I. E., & Uzoechi, L. I. (2016). Gender, age and employability skills acquisition among university students in Imo state, Nigeria. International Journal of Innovative Education Research, 4(4), 6-15. Jonck, P., & Van der Walt, F. (2015). Graduate employability skills: differences between the private and the public sector in South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(3 S2), 345-352. Kornelakis, A., & Petrakaki, D. (2020). ‘Embedding employability skills in UK Higher Education: between digitalization and marketization”. Industry and Higher Education, 1-8. Lindsay, C., Pearson, S., Batty, E., Cullen, A. M., & Eadson, W. (2021). Empowering lone parents to progress towards employability. Journal of Social Policy, 1-20. Mahajan, P., & Kauts, A. (2020). Study of Employability Skills with respect to their subject of Secondary Schools Teachers in Punjab. Studies in Indian Place Names, 40(1), 1-12. Malekpour, A., & Mohammadi, F. (2013). “Investigating the fields and barriers to employment of university graduates: Bachelor's degree in Humanities, Bijar city. Social, economic, scientific, cultural monthly”, 157, 24-37. [in Persian] McQuaid, R. W., & Lindsay, C. (2002). “The ‘employability gap’: long-term unemployment and barriers to work in buoyant labour markets. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy”, 20(4), 613-628. Melo, M. R. D., Martins-Silva, P. D. O., Andrade, A. L. D., & Moura, R. L. D. (2021). Barriers, Adaptability, Employability, and Satisfaction: Career Perceptions of Business Students. Revista de Administração Contemporânea, 25. Mgaiwa, S. J. (2021). Fostering graduate employability: Rethinking Tanzania’s university practices. SAGE Open, 11(2), 1-14. Mohammad, D. S., & Ismail, S. (2019). Comparative analysis between Nigeria and Malaysia education policies and employability skills in Tvet curriculum. Open Journal of Science and Technology, 2(2), 1-5. Nasiri, M., Shahtahmasbi, E., Honari, M., & Shamsollahi, S. (2013). Evaluating the relative efficiency of Iran's provinces in reaching to Social and Economical Goals of Decent Work in 3th and primary years of 4th development plan. Quarterly Journal of The Macro and Strategic Policies, 1(1), 1-21. [in Persian] Nouri, A., Moulavi, H., & Shokrkon, H. (2001). The Relationship between Industrial Managers’ Attitudes Toward Behavioral Sciences and Their Majors, Length of Employment, and Extent of Familiarity with the Above Sciences. Journal of Educational Scinces, 7(2), 51-68. [in Persian] Okay-Somerville, B., & Scholarios, D. (2015). The employment success of graduates: individual and institutional barriers. Human Resource Management (Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education), 6, 1-37. O’Leary, S. (2017). Developing entrepreneurial and employability attributes through marketing projects with SMEs. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 19(1), 77-90. Ounis, A. (2016). Examining the importance of employability skill development: The case of 3rd year applied English language students. International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies (IJHCS) ISSN 2356-5926, 3(1), 1060-1076. Pacifico, D., Browne, J., Fernandez, R., Immervoll, H., Neumann, D., & Thévenot, C. (2018). Faces of Joblessness in Italy: A People-centred perspective on employment barriers and policies. Available at SSRN 3249882. Pashayee, J., Talebi, B., & Daneshvar, Z. (2021). School Human Resource Development's Policymaking Model: A Grounded Theory Study. Journal of School Administration, 9(4), 148-161. [in Persian] Piperkova, I., & Lozanoska, A. (2021). “Barriers to employee skills development: comparative analysis of firms in North Macedonia. Economic Development/Ekonomiski Razvoj”, 23, 131-145. Pooja, B. (2013). English for employability-A challenge for ELT faculty. Research Journal of English Language and Literature, 1(3), 350-353. Rouhani, M., Abdi, K., Mir Hosseini, S. M. A., & Kazemi, A. (2021). Development of physical education teachers' leisure time based on the approach of improving human resources in school environments. Journal of School Administration, 9(2), 191-219. [in Persian] Samuel, R., & Ravi, N. (2021). Factors Affecting Employability Skills of Management Students. Asian Basic and Applied Research Journal, 3(3), 30-38. Shakibaei, A. (2017). Examining the obstacles, challenges and opportunities for the growth and development of employment and providing effective solutions to improve employment indicators (case study: Kerman, Lorestan and Hormozgan provinces). Economic Journal, 17 (11-12), 25-58. [in Persian] Sharifi Asadi Malafeh, F. (2019). “Designing a conceptual model of an employability based curriculum in higher education of Iran. Ph.D. Thesis, Curriculum Studies in Higher Education, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Shahid Beheshti”. [in Persian] Sofat, S. (2021). Barriers of International Graduates Seeking Employment After Graduation: A Systematic Review (Doctoral dissertation, Auckland University of Technology). Suleman, F., Videira, P., & Araújo, E. (2021). Higher education and employability skills: barriers and facilitators of employer engagement at local level. Education Sciences, 11(2), 51. Tohidi, Z., Soroush, A. A., & Alhoseini, S. H. (2015). “A Study on the Status of Iranian Youth Employability. Strategic Studies On Youth and Sports”, 14 (29): 31-48. [in Persian] Tomlinson, M., & Nghia, T. L. H. (2020). “An overview of the current policy and conceptual landscape of graduate employability. Developing and Utilizing Employability Capitals: Graduates’ Strategies across Labour Markets”. Wickramasinghe, V., & Perera, L. (2010). Graduates', university lecturers' and employers' perceptions towards employability skills. Education+ Training, 52(3), 226-244. Yorke, M. (2006). “Employability in higher education: what it is-what it is not (Vol. 1). York: Higher Education Academy”. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,388 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 866 |