تاثیر تغییرات پوشش گیاهی بر شدت جزیره گرمایی در شهر (نمونه موردی: کلانشهر کرج)

Abdi, k., & Kamiabi, S., & Zand Moghadam, m. (2021). An Investigation into the Role of Urban Green Space Vegetation on the Temperature Changes Trend of the Urban Environments Area (Case Study: Sari City). Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 23(2 (105)), 135-146. https://doi.org/10.30495/jest.2021.38883.4423 [in Persian]

Aflaki, A., & Mirnezhad, M., & Ghaffarianhoseini, A., & Ghaffarianhoseini, A., & Omrany, H., & Wang, Z.-H., & Akbari, H. (2017). Urban heat island mitigation strategies: a state-of-the-art review on Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and Hong Kong. Cities, 62, 131-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.09.003

akbari, D., Moradizadeh, M., & Akbari, M. (2020). Land Use Changes and Urban Development Simulation Using Neural Network and Markov Chain Cellular Automata. Research and Urban Planning, 10(39), 157-170. https://jupm.marvdasht.iau.ir/author.index?vol=0&vl=All%20Volumes%20&lang=en [in Persian]

Al-Saadi, L.M., & Jaber, S.H., & Al-Jiboori. M.H. (2020). Variation of urban vegetation cover and its impact on minimum, and maximum heat islands, Urban Climate. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2020.100707

Asadi, S., & Sharghi, A. (2018). climate resilience, the future challenge of Iranian architecture. Conference: international conference on civil engineering, architecture and urban management in Iran, Iran. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328007276_climate_resilience_the_future_challenge_of_Iranian_architecture [in Persian]

Asadi, Y., & Hamzeh, S., & Kiavarz, M. (2020). Investigate the effects of land Use and vegetation on urban heat islands using landscape measurements (Case Study: region 6 of Tehran). H uman Geography Research Quarterly, 52(2), 759-773. https://doi.org/10.22059/jhgr.2020.290775.1008022 [in Persian]

Asghari, S., & Emami, H. (2019). Monitoring the earth surface temperature and relationship land use with surface temperature using of OLI and TIRS Image. Journal of Applied researches in Geographical Sciences, 19(53),195-215. https://doi.org/10.29252/jgs.19.53.195 [In Persian]

Bhargava, A., Lakmini, S., & Bhargava, S. (2017). Urban heat island effect: It’s relevance in urban planning. J. Biodivers. Endanger. Species, 5(187), 2020.‏ https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-2543.1000187

Chander, G., Markham, B. L., & Helder, D. L. (2009). Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors. Remote sensing of environment, 113(5), 893-903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.01.007

Colunga, M. L., Cambrón-Sandoval, V. H., Suzán-Azpiri, H., Guevara-Escobar, A., & Luna-Soria, H. (2015). The role of urban vegetation in temperature and heat island effects in Querétaro city, Mexico. Atmósfera, 28(3), 205-218.‏ https://doi.org/10.20937/ATM.2015.28.03.05

Dehghan‏, M. (2003). Urban Heat Islands, an example of climate change, Journal: Growth of Geography Education, 65, 28-35. https://ensani.ir/fa/article/146765/جزایر-گرمایی-شهری-نمونه-ای-از-تغییر-اقلیم [in Persian]

Deilami, K., Kamruzzaman, M., & Hayes, J. F. (2016). Correlation or causality between land cover patterns and the urban heat island effect? Evidence from Brisbane, Australia. Remote Sensing, 8(9), 716.‏ https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8090716

Duncan, J. M. A., Boruff, B., Saunders, A., Sun, Q., Hurley, J., & Amati, M. (2019). Turning down the heat: An enhanced understanding of the relationship between urban vegetation and surface temperature at the city scale. Science of the Total Environment, 656, 118-128.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.223

Gohain, K. J., Mohammad, P., & Goswami, A. (2021). Assessing the impact of land use land cover changes on land surface temperature over Pune city, India. Quaternary International, 575, 259-269.‏. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.04.052

Grover, A., & Singh, R. B. (2015). Analysis of urban heat island (UHI) in relation to normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI): A comparative study of Delhi and Mumbai. Environments, 2(2), 125-138.‏ https://doi.org/10.3390/environments2020125

Guha, S., Govil, H., Dey, A., & Gill, N. (2018). Analytical study of land surface temperature with NDVI and NDBI using Landsat 8 OLI and TIRS data in Florence and Naples city, Italy. European Journal of Remote Sensing, 51(1), 667-678.‏ https://doi.org/10.1080/22797254.2018.1474494

Guo, G., Wu, Z., Xiao, R., Chen, Y., Liu, X., & Zhang, X. (2015). Impacts of urban biophysical composition on land surface temperature in urban heat island clusters. Landscape and Urban Planning, 135, 1-10.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.11.007

Hejazi, R., & Abadi, P. (2002). The Effect of Plants on Ambient Temprature (Case Study: Taleghani Park). Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4(12), 45-83. https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=109234

Jabbar, M., & Yusoff, M. M. (2022). Assessing the spatiotemporal urban green cover changes and their impact on land surface temperature and urban heat island in Lahore (Pakistan). Geography, Environment, Sustainability, 15(1), 130-140.‏http:// doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-005

Jamei, Y., Rajagopalan, P., & Sun, Q. C. (2019). Spatial structure of surface urban heat island and its relationship with vegetation and built-up areas in Melbourne, Australia. Science of the total environment, 659, 1335-1351.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.308

Jumari, N. A. S. K., Ahmed, A. N., Huang, Y. F., Ng, J. L., Koo, C. H., Chong, K. L., ... & Elshafie, A. (2023). Analysis of urban heat islands with landsat satellite images and GIS in Kuala Lumpur Metropolitan City. Heliyon, 9(8).‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18424

Karimi, A., Mohammad, P., Gachkar, S., Gachkar, D., García-Martínez, A., Moreno-Rangel, D., & Brown, R. D. (2021). Surface urban heat island assessment of a cold desert city: a case study over the Isfahan Metropolitan Area of Iran. Atmosphere, 12(10), 1368.‏ https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12101368

Karimi, A., Mohammad, P., García-Martínez, A., Moreno-Rangel, D., Gachkar, D., & Gachkar, S. (2023). New developments and future challenges in reducing and controlling heat island effect in urban areas. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25(10), 10485-10531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02530-0

Karimi, A., Sanaieian, H., Farhadi, H., & Norouzian-Maleki, S. (2020). Evaluation of the thermal indices and thermal comfort improvement by different vegetation species and materials in a medium-sized urban park. Energy Reports, 6, 1670-1684.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.06.015

Karimi Zarchi, A., & Shahhoseini, R. (2019). Measuring the Intensity of the Surface Urban Heat Islands Using Vegetation and Urban Indices(Case Study: The Cities of Rasht and Langroud). Geographical Data, 28(110), 91-106. https://doi.org/10.22131/sepehr.2019.36614 [in Persian]

Keerthi Naidu, B. N., & Chundeli, F. A. (2023). Assessing LULC changes and LST through NDVI and NDBI spatial indicators: A case of Bengaluru, India. GeoJournal, 88(4), 4335-4350.‏ http:// doi.org/10.1007/s10708-023-10862-1

Lemonsu, A., Viguie, V., Daniel, M., & Masson, V. (2015). Vulnerability to heat waves: Impact of urban expansion scenarios on urban heat island and heat stress in Paris (France). Urban Climate, 14, 586-605.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2015.10.007

Li, J., Song, C., Cao, L., Zhu, F., Meng, X., & Wu, J. (2011). Impacts of landscape structure on surface urban heat islands: A case study of Shanghai, China. Remote sensing of environment, 115(12), 3249-3263.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.07.008

Lin, M., Hou, L., Qi, Z., & Wan, L. (2022). Impacts of climate change and human activities on vegetation NDVI in China’s Mu Us Sandy Land during 2000–2019. Ecological Indicators, 142, 109164.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109164

Majnouni-Toutakhane, A., & Ramazani, M. E. (2019). Investigation and evaluation of thermal island status of Tehran metropolis, using satellite imagery. Journal of Natural Environment, 72(1), 29-43.‏https://doi.org/ 10.22059/JNE.2018.253756.1491

Masoodian, S., & Montazeri, M. (2020). Tempo-spatial behavior of Surface Urban Heat Island of Isfahan Metropolitan Area. Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards, 9(24), 35-46. https://doi.org/10.22111/jneh.2019.28437.1493

Mazidi, A., Omidvar, C., Mozafari, G. A., & Taghizadeh, Z. (2019). Revealing the Changes in Esfahan Heat Island Considering Urban Development. The Journal of Geographical Research on Desert Areas, 7(1), 21-39.‏ https://doi.org/ 20.1001.1.2345332.1398.7.1.2.0

Mohammad, P., & Goswami, A. (2021). Quantifying diurnal and seasonal variation of surface urban heat island intensity and its associated determinants across different climatic zones over Indian cities. GIScience & Remote Sensing, 58(7), 955-981.‏https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2021.1940739

Niliyeh Brojeni, M., & Ahmadi Nadoushan, M. (2019). The relationship between urban vegetation and land surface temperature in Isfahan city using Landsat TM and OLI satellite images and LST index. Environmental Sciences, 17(4), 163-178.‏ https://doi.org/10.29252/envs.17.4.163 [in Persian]

Njoku, E. A., & Tenenbaum, D. E. (2022). Quantitative assessment of the relationship between land use/land cover (LULC), topographic elevation and land surface temperature (LST) in Ilorin, Nigeria. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 27, 100780.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2022.100780

Nse, O. U., Okolie, C. J., & Nse, V. O. (2020). Dynamics of land cover, land surface temperature and NDVI in Uyo City, Nigeria. Scientific African, 10, e00599.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00599

Pohan, S. A., & Sulistiyono, N. (2023). Analysis of the relationship between urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon and land cover change in Medan city using Landsat satellite imagery. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 2421, No. 1, p. 012017). IOP Publishing.‏ https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2421/1/012017

Prohmdirek, T., Chunpang, P., & Laosuwan, T. (2020). The relationship between normalized difference vegetation index and canopy temperature that affects the urban heat island phenomenon. Geographia Technica, 15(2), 222-234.‏ http://doi.org/10.21163/GT_2020.152.21

Rahaman, Z. A., Kafy, A. A., Saha, M., Rahim, A. A., Almulhim, A. I., Rahaman, S. N., ... & Al Rakib, A. (2022). Assessing the impacts of vegetation cover loss on surface temperature, urban heat island and carbon emission in Penang city, Malaysia. Building and Environment, 222, 109335.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109335

Rajeshwari, A., & Mani, N. D. (2014). Estimation of land surface temperature of Dindigul district using Landsat 8 data. International journal of research in engineering and technology, 3(5), 122-126.‏ http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0305025

Ramezani, S., & Naghibi, F. (2020). Investigation of the vegetation index changes in the formation of the urban heat islands (Case study: Urmia city). Research and Urban Planning, 11(42), 195-206. https://jupm.marvdasht.iau.ir/article_3944.html?lang=en [in Persian]

Ridha, S. (2017). Urban heat Island mitigation strategies in an arid climate. In outdoor thermal comfort reacheable, INSA de Toulouse. sensing of environment, Vol. 113, No. 5, pp. 893-903. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01596559/

Rizvi, S. H., Fatima, H., Iqbal, M. J., & Alam, K. (2020). The effect of urbanization on the intensification of SUHIs: Analysis by LULC on Karachi. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 207, 105374.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105374

Sadeghinia, A., Alijani, B., & Zeaieanfirouzabadi, P. (2013). Analysis of spatial-temporal structure of the urban heat island in Tehran through remote sensing and geographical information system. Journal of Geography and Environmental hazards, 1(4), 1-17.‏https://doi.org/10.22067/geo.v1i4.16950 [in Persian]

Santhosh, L. G., & Shilpa, D. N. (2023). Assessment of LULC change dynamics and its relationship with LST and spectral indices in a rural area of Bengaluru district, Karnataka India. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 29, 100886.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2022.100886

Senanayake, I. P., Welivitiya, W. D. D. P., & Nadeeka, P. M. (2013). Remote sensing based analysis of urban heat islands with vegetation cover in Colombo city, Sri Lanka using Landsat-7 ETM+ data. Urban Climate, 5, 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2013.07.004

Shahfahad, Talukdar, S., Rihan, M., Hang, H. T., Bhaskaran, S., & Rahman, A. (2021). Modelling urban heat island (UHI) and thermal field variation and their relationship with land use indices over Delhi and Mumbai metro cities. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 1-29.‏ https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01587-7

Shamsipour, A., Azizi, G., Karimi Ahmadabad, M., & Moghbel, M. (2013). Assessing the Physical Surface Temperature Patterns in Urban Environment (Case Study: Tehran). Geography and Environmental Sustainability, 3(1), 67-86.‏ https://ges.razi.ac.ir/?_action=articleInfo&article=207&lang=fa&lang=en [in Persian]

Shamsipour, A., & Mahdian Mahforouzi, M., & Akhavan, H., & Hoseinpour, Z. (2013). An Analysis on Diurnal Actions of the Urban Heat Island of Tehran. Journal of Environmental Studies, 38 (4), 45-56. https://doi.org/10.22059/jes.2013.29862

Shen, Z., Xu, X., Sun, Z., Jiang, Y., & Shi, H. (2023). Regional thermal environments (RTEs) and driving forces in six urban agglomerations of China and America. Building and Environment, 235, 110185.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110185

Shirgir, E., Kheyroddin, R., & Behzadfar, M. (2022). Developing a pattern for intervention in urban green infrastructures to reach urban ecological resilience to climate change (Case study: Yousef Abad neighborhood in Tehran). Journal of Environmental Studies, 45(3), 545-565.‏ https://doi.org/10.22059/jes.2020.290829.1007933 [in Persian]

Singh, P., Kikon, N., & Verma, P. (2017). Impact of land use change and urbanization on urban heat island in Lucknow city, Central India. A remote sensing based estimate. Sustainable cities and society, 32, 100-114.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.02.018

Singh, R. B., & Grover, A. (2015). Spatial correlations of changing land use, surface temperature (UHI) and NDVI in Delhi using Landsat satellite images. Urban development challenges, risks and resilience in Asian mega cities, 83-97.‏ http://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55043-3_5

Stache, E. E., Schilperoort, B. B., Ottelé, M. M., & Jonkers, H. H. (2022). Comparative analysis in thermal behaviour of common urban building materials and vegetation and consequences for urban heat island effect. Building and Environment, 213, 108489.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108489

Ullah, W., Ahmad, K., Ullah, S., Tahir, A. A., Javed, M. F., Nazir, A., ... & Mohamed, A. (2023). Analysis of the relationship among land surface temperature (LST), land use land cover (LULC), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with topographic elements in the lower Himalayan region. Heliyon, 9(2).‏ http://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13322

Vaez Mousavi A., Mokhtarzadeh M. (2015). Estimation of land surface temperature using MODIS data. In: Gheragozlo A.: Geomatics 94 National Conference & Exhibition, Tehran, May 17, 2015: 1–9. https://www.sid.ir/paper/892070/fa [in Persian]

Yadav, A., Kumar, R., & Swarup, S. (2023). Remote Sensing Image-Based Analysis of the Urban Heat Island Effect in Relation to the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI): A Case Study of Patna Municipal Corporation. Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol.(IJRASET), 11(1), 1143-1155.‏ https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48777

Yan, Z., Li, Z., Li, P., Zhao, C., Xu, Y., Cui, Z., & Sun, H. (2023). Spatial and temporal variation of NDVI and its driving factors based on geographical detector: a case study of Guanzhong plain urban agglomeration. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 32, 101030.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2023.101030

Yao, R., Wang, L., Gui, X., Zheng, Y., Zhang, H., & Huang, X. (2017). Urbanization effects on vegetation and surface urban heat islands in China’s Yangtze River Basin. Remote Sensing, 9(6), 540.‏ https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9060540

Yao, R., Wang, L., Huang, X., Liu, Y., Niu, Z., Wang, S., & Wang, L. (2021). Long-term trends of surface and canopy layer urban heat island intensity in 272 cities in the mainland of China. Science of the Total Environment, 772, 145607.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145607

Yoo, S. (2018). Investigating important urban characteristics in the formation of urban heat islands: A machine learning approach. Journal of Big Data, 5(1), 2.‏ https:// doi.org /10.1186/s40537-018-0113-z

Zargari, M., Mofidi, A., Entezari, A., & Baaghideh, M. (2024). Climatic comparison of surface urban heat island using satellite remote sensing in Tehran and suburbs. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 643.‏ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50757-2

Zhou, B., Rybski, D., & Kropp, J. P. (2017). The role of city size and urban form in the surface urban heat island. Scientific reports, 7(1), 4791.‏ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04242-2

Zhou, D., Zhang, L., Li, D., Huang, D., & Zhu, C. (2016). Climate–vegetation control on the diurnal and seasonal variations of surface urban heat islands in China. Environmental Research Letters, 11(7), 074009.‏ https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/7/074009

Zhou, W., Qian, Y., Li, X., Li, W., & Han, L. (2014). Relationships between land cover and the surface urban heat island: seasonal variability and effects of spatial and thematic resolution of land cover data on predicting land surface temperatures. Landscape ecology, 29, 153-167.‏ http://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-013-9950-5