
تعداد نشریات | 31 |
تعداد شمارهها | 367 |
تعداد مقالات | 3,581 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 4,565,852 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 5,150,135 |
تبیین آثار شاخص های کالبدی، بصری و محیطی بر سلامت شهری در شهر قم | ||
فصلنامه مطالعات شهری | ||
دوره 14، شماره 54، اردیبهشت 1404، صفحه 77-92 اصل مقاله (1.94 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/urbs.2024.142075.5078 | ||
نویسنده | ||
علی مهدی* | ||
دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری ، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
اهمیت موضوع سلامت شهری باعث شده که امروزه مفهوم قلب شهری در بیش از 40 کشور دنیا با محوریت موضوع رفع نابرابریهای محیطی دنبال شود. از همینرو، برای بسیاری از دولتها، آگاهی بخشی روزافزون در مورد تأثیرات محیطی بر سلامت انسان، به یکی از وظایف اصلی دولتها در ارتباط با شهروندان و تببین رویکردهای جدید در مطالعات و برنامهریزی شهری تبدیل شده است. این مطالعه مبتنی بر اهمیت موضوع برنامهریزی و کیفیت محیطی و سلامت شهری، به بررسی این مهم در شهر قم پرداخته است. پژوهش حاضر که از نوع مطالعات کتابخانهای و میدانی است با روش توصیفی_ تحلیل و پیمایشی و با بهرهگیری از پویش محیطی گسترده توسط تیم اجرایی(عکسبرداری، فیش برداری، مصاحبه و تهیه گزارشهای غیررسمی با شهروندان هر منطقه، مشاهدات میدانی و توزیع پرسشنامه) به مرحله انجام رسیده و نتایج آن که با استفاده از نرمافراهایSpss16، ArcGIS تجزیه و تحلیل شده، نشان میدهد که تحت تأثیر مسائل، مشکلات، کمبودها و ضعف شناخت و برنامهریزیهای مورد نیاز در حوزه ارتقا و بهبود شاخصهای کیفیت محیطی، کالبدی و بصری حال حاضر شهر قم، ابعاد مختلف سلامت شهری(سلامت اجتماعی، روانی و جسمانی) شهروندان قم در درجات مختلف تأثیرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیمی را دریافت مینمایند که در این میان، بُعد روانی شهروندان شهر قم در اولویت بررسی و برنامهریزی برای آینده بایستی قرار گیرد . مقایسه میانگین زیرشاخصهای سلامت شهری(روانی، جسمانی و اجتماعی) نشان میدهد که بالاترین میانگین (2.57) متعلق به زیرشاخص سلامت اجتماعی و پایینترین میانگین (2.30) متعلق به زیرشاخص سلامت روانی است. در کل با توجه به میانگینهای به دست آمده هیچ کدام از ابعاد سلامت در شهر قم وضعیت مناسبی ندارند؛ زیرا میانگین تمام زیرشاخصها بسیار کمتر از حد متوسط(3) است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
سلامت شهری؛ کیفیت محیطی شهر؛ برنامه ریزی سلامت شهری؛ شهر قم | ||
مراجع | ||
Abrun, A. A. (2014). Developing principles for designing urban spaces based on enhancing citizens’ mental health: Case study of Sabzevar city; Bahar and Enghelab neighborhoods (Master’s thesis). Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Art, Tehran. https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.26764164.1400.3.2.11.7 [in Persian] Abdolmaleki, S. (2014). Effects of urban form on citizens’ public health: A case study of Mashhad (Master’s thesis). Faculty of Geography, Hakim Sabzevari University. [in Persian] Alavi, P., Sabuti, H., & Shahbazi, M. (2021). Identification and prioritization of environmental quality criteria in peri-urban lost spaces: Case study of Bisim neighborhood, Zanjan. Journal of Peri-Urban Space Development, 3(2), 241-255. [in Persian] Ayazi, S. M. H., & Damari, B. (2013). Urban management and health. Tehran: Tisa Publications. [in Persian] Bahrini, S. H., & Khosravi, H. (2010). Physical health of citizens in new towns: The role of urban design in physical activity levels, case study of Hashtgerd new town. In First Conference on Sustainable Urban Development, Tehran. Available at: http://www.civilica.com/Paper-CSUD01-CSUD01_025.html [in Persian] Cui, X. (2018). How can cities support sustainability: A bibliometric analysis of urban metabolism. Ecological Indicators, 93, 704–717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.06.012 Cui, X., Fang, C., Liu, H., & Liu, X. (2019). Assessing sustainability of urbanization by a coordinated development index for an Urbanization-Resources-Environment complex system: A case study of Jing-Jin-Ji region, China. Ecological Indicators, 96, 383–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.08.052 Day, K., Alfonzo, M., Chen, Y., Guo, Z., & Lee, K. K. (2013). Overweight, obesity, and inactivity and urban design in rapidly growing Chinese cities. Health & Place, 21, 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2013.01.006 Dempsey, S., Lyons, S., & Nolan, A. (2018). Urban green space and obesity in older adults: Evidence from Ireland. SSM - Population Health, 206–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.01.005 Dhahri, S., & Omri, A. (2018). Entrepreneurship contribution to the three pillars of sustainable development: What does the evidence really say? World Development, 106, 64–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.01.018 Douglas, L. (2012). Urban ecology and urban ecosystems: Understanding the links to human health and well-being. Human Settlements and Industrial Systems, 4(4), 385–392. Duhl, L. J., & Sanchez, A. K. (1999). Healthy cities and the city planning process. WHO Regional Office for Europe. Galea, S., & Vlahov, D. (2005). Urban health: Evidence, challenges, and directions. Annual Review of Public Health, 26, 341–365. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144708 Galea, S., Freudenberg, N., & Vlahov, D. (2005). Cities and population health: A conceptual framework. Social Science & Medicine, 60(5), 1017–1033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.06.036 Garrido-Cumbrera, M., Gálvez Ruiz, D., Braçe, O., & López Lara, E. (2018). Exploring the association between urban sprawl and mental health. Journal of Transport & Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2018.02.002 Gray, C. L., Lobdell, D. T., Rappazzo, K. M., Jian, Y., Jagai, J. S., Messer, L., Patel, A., DeFlorio-Barker, S., Lyttle, C., Solway, J., & Rzhetskaya, A. (2018). Associations between environmental quality and adult asthma prevalence in medical claims data. Environmental Research, 166, 529–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.004 Ghorousi, S., & Shams-eddini, M. (2014). The impact of environmental quality of residential neighborhoods on residents’ health in Kerman city. Urban Sociological Studies Quarterly, 4(12), 51-74. [in Persian] Hadavi, S. (2004). Development of healing landscape concept in urban public spaces: Case study of Abrisham Park (Master’s thesis). Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran. [in Persian] Havizavi, H., Azani, M., & Ahmadi, F. (2024). The role of third places in enhancing urban environmental quality: A case study of eight districts in Ahvaz city. New Ideas in Geographical Sciences Quarterly, 6, 91-116. [in Persian] Imamgholi, A. (2013). Architectural environment quality and its relationship with mental health. In National Conference on Human-Centered Architecture and Urban Planning, Qazvin. Islamic Azad University, Qazvin Branch. Available at: https://www.civilica.com/Paper-NCAU01-NCAU01_156.html [in Persian] Kelly, K., & Davies, J. K. M. (1993). Healthy cities, research and practice. In J. K. Davies & M. P. Kelly (Eds.), Healthy cities, research and practice (pp. 1–13). Routledge. Khalilabadi, H. (2013). Urban health planning. Tehran: Novavaran Sharif Publishing. [in Persian] Lansing, J. B., & Marans, R. W. (1969). Evaluation of neighborhood. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35(1), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366908977992 Lynch, K. (2002). Good city form (S. H. Bahrini, Trans.). Tehran: University of Tehran Press. (Original work published 1981) [in Persian] Lynch, K. (1997). The image of the city (M. Mazini, Trans.). Tehran: University of Tehran Press. [in Persian] Mahdi, A. (2011). Assessment and analysis of environmental health and access to health indices in informal settlements: Case study of Shadgholi Khan neighborhood, Qom city (Master’s thesis). Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran. [in Persian] Martin, C. J., Evans, J., & Karvonen, A. (2018). Smart and sustainable? Five tensions in the visions and practices of the smart-sustainable city in Europe and North America. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 133, 269–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.05.029 Namani, P., & Arzanlou, N. (2023). The effect of environmental qualities on social relations among citizens in urban spaces: Case study of Golestan Garden, Tabriz. Presented at the Third International Conference on Architecture, Civil Engineering, Urbanism, Environment, and Islamic Art Horizons, Tabriz. [in Persian] Okibo, C. C. (2014). Strategic urban health communication. Springer. https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9781461493341 Pour-Ebrahim, S. (2016). Evaluation of sustainability components' contribution to urban environmental health in the metropolis of Arak. Human and Environment Quarterly, 28, 63-73. [in Persian] Pournejaf, A., Amarlooi, A., Naseri-Far, R., Mohammadi Kalhari, E., & Mohammadi, H. (2007). Study of environmental factors related to urban community health in Ilam during 2004-2005. Scientific-Research Journal of Ilam University, 15(3), 49-54. [in Persian] Rahimi, A. (2023). Urban environmental quality assessment in urban planning. Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship Studies, 9(1), 497-520. [in Persian] Rahimi Sadegh, G. (2015). The impact of physical-spatial health indices on organizing urban spaces in Punak neighborhood (Master’s thesis). Urban Planning Department, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran. [in Persian] Rahighi Yazdi, M. (2014). The impact of physical and social environmental factors of neighborhoods on social health of residents: A comparison between old and new neighborhoods of Yazd city (Master’s thesis). Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Yazd University. [in Persian] Rahnama, M. R., & Mesgarani, N. (2014). Analysis of urban sidewalks’ quality with emphasis on health components: A case study of 17 Shahrivar Street, Mashhad. Urban and Regional Studies Journal, 6(22), 43-66. [in Persian] Sadick, A.-M., & Issa, M. H. (2018). Assessing physical conditions of indoor space enclosing elements in schools in relation to their indoor environmental quality. Journal of Building Engineering, 20, 520-530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2018.09.002 Shama’i, A., & Pourahmad, A. (2005). Urban rehabilitation and renewal from a geographical science perspective. Tehran: University of Tehran. [in Persian] Shari’at, S. (2014). Social indicators of health equity in social environments (Dr. Zarabi, Trans.). Tehran: Elm Afarin Publishing. [in Persian] Tajdar, V., Rafieian, M., & Taghvai, A. A. (2010). Assessing health components in Mashhad metropolis from urban planning perspective. Fine Arts Journal, 41, 101-110. [in Persian] Taheri, F., Nasrat, M., & Jalali, H. P. (2021). Assessment of urban environmental quality in Rasht city from a diversified urban planning perspective, focusing on four social groups: women, disabled, elderly, and children. Human Geography Research Quarterly, 9(3), 803-833. [in Persian] World Health Organization. (1997). City planning for health and sustainable development. European Sustainable Development and Health Series: 2. World Health Organization Centre for Health Development. (2016). Global report on urban health; Equitable, healthier cities for sustainable development. WHO Kobe Centre. https://www.who.int/kobe_centre/publications/global_report/en/ World Health Organization, & UN-Habitat. (2016). Global report on urban health: Equitable, healthier cities for sustainable development. Geneva: WHO. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/204715 Wong, L. T., Mui, K. W., & Tsang, T. W. (2018). An open acceptance model for indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Building and Environment, 142, 371-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.06.002
| ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 177 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 44 |