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تاثیر فرم شهری بر میزان آلودگی هوا (نمونه مورد مطالعه : مناطق 22 گانه شهر تهران ) | ||
| فصلنامه مطالعات شهری | ||
| دوره 15، شماره 57، بهمن 1404، صفحه 39-54 اصل مقاله (1.1 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/urbs.2025.144395.5208 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زینب عادلی1؛ آذین پیراسته* 2 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه بینالمللی امامخمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران. | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه بینالمللی امامخمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با گسترش روزافزون شهرنشینی و تغییرات ساختاری در کالبد شهری، کیفیت محیطزیست شهری بهویژه وضعیت آلودگی هوا به یکی از چالشهای جدی کلانشهرها تبدیل شده است. در این میان، علاوه بر شرایط جوی، حجم تردد وسایل نقلیه، ویژگیهای طبیعی زمین و ... شیوه سازمانیابی فضاهای شهری و ویژگیهای مورفولوژیک آن نیز بر الگوهای انتشار آلایندهها اثرگذار است؛ بنابراین هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی ارتباط میان شاخصهای فرم شهری در 22 منطقه شهر تهران و نوع و میزان آلاینده های هواست. به همین منظور پس از تعریف و انتخاب شاخصها و سنجههای فرم شهری (22 شاخص که در ابعاد طراحی محیط، کاربری زمین، دسترسی و تراکم مشخص شدهاند) میزان کمی هر شاخص در 22 منطقه شهر تهران محاسبه شد. سپس از طریق دادههای شرکت کنترل کیفیت هوا، میانگین سالانه غلظت آلایندههای هوا (CO، O3، PM2.5، NO2، SO2) در بازه زمانی یکسال- از ابتدای فروردین سال 1403 تا اول فروردین 1404- محاسبه گردید. روش پژوهش بر پایه روش همبستگی پیرسون است، به این صورت که به کمک نرمافزار SPSS، همبستگی هریک از شاخصهای فرم شهری با انواع آلایندههای هوا به دست آمد. نتایج این همبستگی ها نشان داد شاخصهای تراکم واحدهای مسکونی، تراکم ناخالص جمعیتی، سطح ساخته شده از منطقه، مساحت کاربریهای غیرمسکونی، تراکم واحدهای خردهفروشی، خدمات محلی، ریزدانگی، مسافت طی شده، منابع آلودگی و تعداد تقاطع با آلایندهها، رابطه همبستگی داشتند که از نظر آماری نیز معنادار بودند. این نتیجه حاکی از آن است که الگوهای طراحی فضای شهری و فرم شهری، نقش معناداری در تغییرات آلودگی هوا و کیفیت هوا، به خصوص در 22 منطقه شهر تهران ایفا میکنند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آلودگی هوا؛ غلظت آلایندههای هوا؛ فرم شهری؛ همبستگی پیرسون | ||
| مراجع | ||
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