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شهرها بهمثابه بازیگران دیپلماتیک: مرور نظاممند سازوکار خواهرخواندگی شهری | ||
| فصلنامه مطالعات شهری | ||
| دوره 15، شماره 59، مرداد 1405، صفحه 55-75 اصل مقاله (1.81 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/urbs.2026.145423.5254 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| هاشم داداش پور* 1؛ مانا وحیدبافنده2؛ محمدمهدی پناهی3؛ مائده داداش پور4 | ||
| 1استاد، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیتمدرس، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیتمدرس، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده شهرسازی، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 4دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در دهههای اخیر، جایگاه شهرها در نظام حکمرانی جهانی دستخوش تحولی معنادار شده و شهرها از واحدهایی صرفاً مدیریتی به کنشگران فعال در عرصه تعاملات فراملی ارتقا یافتهاند. این تحول که در ادبیات با عنوان «دیپلماسی شهری» شناخته میشود، امکان کنش مستقل یا نیمهمستقل شهرها را در قالب شبکههای بینشهری، همکاریهای موضوعی و روابط شهر به شهر فراهم کرده است. در این میان، روابط خواهرخواندگی بهعنوان یکی از قدیمیترین و در عین حال مناقشهبرانگیزترین سازوکارهای دیپلماسی شهری، همواره میان کارکرد نمادین و ظرفیتهای عملی همکاری نوسان داشته است. با وجود گسترش پژوهشها در این حوزه، ادبیات موجود عمدتاً پراکنده، ناهمگون و فاقد جمعبندی تحلیلی منسجم درباره ابعاد، کارکردها و محدودیتهای واقعی این سازوکار است. هدف این پژوهش، ارائه تصویری نظاممند از تحولات مفهومی و کارکردی دیپلماسی شهری با تمرکز بر سازوکار روابط خواهرخواندگی و شناسایی الگوهای مسلط، شکافهای پژوهشی و پیامدهای سیاستی آن است. بدین منظور، از روش مرور نظاممند استفاده شد و مقالات علمی منتشرشده در بازه زمانی 2000 تا 2025 در پایگاههای استنادی معتبر مورد جستوجو، غربالگری و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. دادههای استخراجشده با رویکرد تحلیل مضمون مورد کدگذاری و دستهبندی قرار گرفت و مضامین غالب شناسایی شد. یافتههای پژوهش نشان میدهد که دیپلماسی شهری در ادبیات معاصر از رویکردهای نمادین و تشریفاتی بهسوی همکاریهای مسئلهمحور، شبکهای و یادگیرنده در حال گذار است. روابط خواهرخواندگی در قالب پنج مؤلفه محوری قابل تبیین است: حکمرانی چندسطحی و مشروعیت نهادی، عقلانیت تصمیمگیری و راهبری همکاریها، نهادمندی اجرا و تداوم اقتصادی، توانمندسازی شبکهای و نوآورانه و یادگیری، تابآوری و ارزیابی مبتنی بر داده. در عین حال، نتایج نشان میدهد که در فقدان چارچوبهای نهادی شفاف، ظرفیتهای خواهرخواندگی اغلب به سطح تعاملات نمادین تقلیل یافته و از تحقق دستاوردهای پایدار بازمیماند. بر این اساس، پژوهش حاضر بر ضرورت بازتعریف روابط خواهرخواندگی بهعنوان سازوکاری انتخابی، مسئلهمحور و مبتنی بر ظرفیت نهادی تأکید میکند و میتواند مبنایی تحلیلی برای سیاستگذاری آگاهانهتر در حوزه دیپلماسی شهری و مدیریت تعاملات فراملی شهرها فراهم آورد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| دیپلماسی شهری؛ روابط خواهرخواندگی؛ شبکههای شهری بینالمللی؛ حکمرانی چندسطحی؛ همکاریهای مسئلهمحور | ||
| مراجع | ||
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