| تعداد نشریات | 31 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 427 |
| تعداد مقالات | 4,065 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 5,529,085 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 5,713,615 |
فرسودگی شغلی در معلمان کودکان دارای کمتوانی عقلانی در دورهی کووید-19: نقش حمایت اجتماعی، تعامل دانشآموز-معلم و معنویت محیط کار | ||
| تدریس پژوهی | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 13، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 41، مهر 1404، صفحه 154-175 اصل مقاله (1.37 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/trj.2025.139042.1784 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید آریاپوران* 1؛ سجاد بتوئی2؛ جواد کریمی3 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران. | ||
| 2کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی شیوع فرسودگی شغلی و نقش حمایت اجتماعی، تعامل معلم-دانشآموز و معنویت محیط کار در پیشبینی آن در معلمان کودکان دارای کمتوانی عقلانی در دورۀ کووید-19 بود. روش تحقیق همبستگی بود. جامعهی آماری پژوهش شامل کل معلمان کودکان کمتوان عقلانی استان همدان بود (160=N). حجم نمونه 133 نفر بود که به روش سرشماری انتخاب شدند. دادهها با استفاده از مقیاس فرسودگی شغلی، مقیاس حمایت اجتماعی، مقیاس تعامل دانشآموز-معلم و مقیاس معنویت محیط کار گردآوری شد. برای تجزیهوتحلیل دادهها از همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون چندمتغیری به روش گامبهگام استفاده شد. نتایج توصیفی نشان داد که 55/19 درصد معلمان در دورۀ کووید-19 دارای فرسودگی شغلی بودند. نتایج رگرسیون گامبهگام (001/0>p؛ 83/20=F) نشان داد که به ترتیب ارتباط نزدیک معلم-دانشآموز (26/0-=بتا)، تعارض معلم-دانشآموز (25/0=بتا) و حمایت اجتماعی (23/0-=بتا) توانستهاند فرسودگی شغلی معلمان را پیشبینی کنند؛ اما سهم معنویت محیط کار در پیشبینی فرسودگی شغلی معنیدار نبوده است. براساس یافتهها تقویت حمایت اجتماعی، برنامهریزی در جهت آموزش ارتباط معلم-دانشآموز، و معنویت محیط کار از طریق کارگاههای آموزشی و برنامههای ضمن خدمت میتواند کاهش فرسودگی شغلی معلمان کودکان کمتوان ذهنی را در شرایط استرسزا مانند کووید-19به دنبال داشته باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تعامل کودک-معلم؛ حمایت اجتماعی؛ فرسودگی شغلی؛ معنویت محیط کار | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Agnoletto, R., & Queiroz, V. (2020). COVID-19 and the challenges in Education. The Centro de Estudos Sociedade e Tecnologia (CEST), 5(2), 1-2. Alboarzi, M., Mohammadi, M., Naseri Jahormi, R., Safari, M., Mirghafari, F. (1400). Primary school teachers' experiences of the challenges of changing traditional education to virtual education during the outbreak of the Corona virus. Journal of Teaching and Learning Studies, 13(1), 1-19. [in Persian] Ariapooran, S., Etemadizadeh, H. (2020). Relationship between Classroom Management through the Social and Emotional Learning and Teacher-Student Interaction with Emotional Literacy in Elementary Students. Journal of Teaching Research, 8(1), 59-79. Billett, P., Turner, K., & Li, X. (2023). Australian teacher stress, well‐being, self‐efficacy, and safety during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Psychology in the Schools, 60(5), 1394-1414. Bouckaert, L., & Zsolnai, L. (2012). Spirituality and business: An interdisciplinary overview. Society and Economy, 34(3), 489-514. Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The lancet, 395(10227), 912-920. Brunsting, N. C., Bettini, E., Rock, M., Common, E. A., Royer, D. J., Lane, K. L., ... & Zeng, F. (2022). Working conditions and burnout of special educators of students with EBD: Longitudinal outcomes. Teacher Education and Special Education, 08884064221076159. Bruwer, B., Emsley, R., Kidd, M., Lochner, C., & Seedat, S. (2008). Psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in youth. Comprehensive psychiatry, 49(2), 195-201. Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & et al. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 285, 112934. Cappe, E., Poirier, N., Engelberg, A., & Boujut, E. (2021). Comparison of teachers in France and in Quebec working with autistic students: Self-efficacy, stress, social support, coping, and burnout. Teaching and Teacher Education, 98, 103244. Calandri, E., Mastrokoukou, S., Marchisio, C., Monchietto, A., & Graziano, F. (2025). Teacher emotional competence for inclusive education: A systematic review. Behavioral Sciences, 15 (3), 359-377. Cheptea, D., Russu-Deleu, R., Meşina, V., Friptuleac, G., & Cebanu, S. (2021). Assessment of burnout among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Archives of the Balkan Medical Union, 56(2), 179-184. Corbin, C. M., Alamos, P., Lowenstein, A. E., Downer, J. T., & Brown, J. L. (2019). The role of teacher-student relationships in predicting teachers’ personal accomplishment and emotional exhaustion. Journal of School Psychology, 77, 1-12. Cui, L. (2022). The Role of Teacher–Student Relationships in Predicting Teachers’ Occupational Wellbeing, Emotional Exhaustion, and Enthusiasm. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 896813. Dal Corso, L., De Carlo, A., Carluccio, F., Colledani, D., & Falco, A. (2020). Employee burnout and positive dimensions of well-being: A latent workplace spirituality profile analysis. PloS one, 15(11), e0242267. Daniel, J. (2020). Education and the COVID-19 pandemic. Prospects, 49(1), 91-96. Daniel, J. L. (2015). Workplace spirituality and stress: Evidence from Mexico and US. Management Research Review, 38(1), 29-43. Davis, T., & Park, E. (2025). A Systematic Review of Early-Career Teacher Wellbeing, Stress, Burnout and Support Mechanisms During and Post COVID-19 Pandemic. Education Sciences, 15(8), 996-1003. Desombre, C., Delaval, M., & Jury, M. (2021). Influence of social support on teachers' attitudes toward inclusive education. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 736535. Ebrahimi, Sara. (2020). Examining teachers' pervasive anxiety disorder in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Educational Sciences, 27(2), 45-68. [in Persian] El Alaiki, A., Hadrya, F., Boumaaize, Z., Guider, H., Lafraxo, M. A., Soulaymani, A., ... & Hami, H. (2025). The global burden of teacher burnout: Evaluating the roles of workload and social support in diverse educational contexts. European Psychiatry, 68(S1), S724-S724. Fanggidae, R. E., Suryana, Y., & Efendi, N. (2016). Effect of a spirituality workplace on organizational commitment and job satisfaction (study on the lecturer of private Universities in the Kupang city-Indonesia). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 219(1), 639-646. Fayazi, M., Salehi Sadati, Z., Parishan, F. (2016). Investigating the effect of spirituality on job burnout and the desire to leave the service of employees. Scientific Quarterly of Human Resources Studies, 7(1), 65-86. [in Persian] Fu, W., Pan, Q., Zhang, C., & Cheng, L. (2022). Influencing factors of Chinese special education teacher turnover intention: understanding the roles of subject well-being, social support, and work engagement. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 68(3), 342-353. Ghalavandi, H., Soltanzadeh, V., & Beheshti Rad, R. (2013). The pattern of the causal relationship between servant leadership, spirituality in the workplace and social capital. executive management. Journal of Executive Management, 5 (9), 107-128. (Persian). Grav, S., Hellzèn, O., Romild, U., & Stordal, E. (2012). Association between social support and depression in the general population: the HUNT study, a cross‐sectional survey. Journal of clinical nursing, 21(1‐2), 111-120. Greenglass, E. R., Fiksenbaum, L., & Burke, R. J. (2020). The relationship between social support and burnout over time in teachers. In Occupational Stress (pp. 239-248). CRC Press. Hagenauer, G., Hascher, T., & Volet, S. E. (2015). Teacher emotions in the classroom: associations with students’ engagement, classroom discipline and the interpersonal teacher-student relationship. European journal of psychology of education, 30(4), 385-403. Ho, S. K. (2016). Relationships among humour, self-esteem, and social support to burnout in school teachers. Social Psychology of Education, 19(1), 41-59. Howard, S; & Johnson, B. (2004). Resilient teachers: Resisting stress and burnout. Social Psychology of Education, 7(1), 399–420. Karakas, F. (2010). Spirituality and performance in organizations: A literature review. Journal of business ethics, 94(1), 89-106. Kaur, J., & Thomas, S. (2025). The Impact of Workplace Spirituality on Job Satisfaction, Grit, and Burnout Among School Teachers: A Correlational Study. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Approaches in Psychology, 3(1), 92-100. Kmietowicz, Z. (2020). Rules on isolation rooms for suspected covid-19 cases in GP surgeries to be relaxed. BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 368, m707. Lei, H., Cui, Y., & Chiu, M. M. (2018). The relationship between teacher support and students' academic emotions: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 2288. Leo, A., Ávila, J. A. M., Wilcox, K. C., Khan, M. I., Schiller, K., & Zhang, Y. (2025). Comparing special education and general education teachers’ stress, job demands, and resources during COVID-19. Current Issues in Education, 26(2), 1-25. Lett, H. S., Blumenthal, J. A., Babyak, M. A., Catellier, D. J., Carney, R. M., Berkman, L. F., ... & Schneiderman, N. (2009). Dimensions of social support and depression in patients at increased psychosocial risk recovering from myocardial infarction. International journal of behavioral medicine, 16(3), 248-258. Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of organizational behavior, 2(2), 99-113. Mehrabizadeh honarmand, Mahnaz; Atashafrooz, Askar; Shahani yeylagh, Manije & Rezaei, Shabnam. (2013). Comparison of general health, job stress and job burnout of exceptional and normal school teachers. Clinical Psychology and Personality, 2(9), 53-64. Mendes-Sousa, M. M., de Lourdes Gurian Ernesto, M., Gomes, B. C., Silva, A., Ribeiro, M. V., Conceição Do Rosário, M., ... & Caetano, S. C. (2025). Teacher-preschool student relationships and their associations with child mental health problems. American Journal of Health Education, 56(4), 376-386. Milatz, A., Lüftenegger, M., & Schober, B. (2015). Teachers’ relationship closeness with students as a resource for teacher wellbeing: A response surface analytical approach. Frontiers in psychology, 6, 1949. Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A. J., & Ferguson, J. (2003). Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: An exploratory empirical assessment. Journal of organizational change management, 16(4), 426-447. Moqtadaei, Leila. (2019). The relationship between positive leadership and social isolation with the mediating role of spirituality at work during the Covid-19 pandemic (case study: Isfahan city teachers). Strategic Researches of Iran's Social Issues, 9(2), 79-108. [in Persian] Musson Rose, D., & Loomis, A. (2025). Teacher Burnout, Student-Teacher Relational Closeness, and the Moderating Effect of Work Stress Focused Supervision. Early Childhood Education Journal, 53(4), 1027-1039. Olusanya, B. O., Kancherla, V., Shaheen, A., Ogbo, F. A., & Davis, A. C. (2022). Global and regional prevalence of disabilities among children and adolescents: Analysis of findings from global health databases. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 3389. Pianta R. C. (2001). Student-Teacher Relationship Scale: Professional Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc. Pong, H. K. (2022). The Correlation between Spiritual Well-Being and Burnout of Teachers. Religions, 13(8), 760-775. Promsri, C. (2016). The effects of workplace spirituality and work satisfaction on intention to leave. The Business and Management Review, 7(4), 90-94. Rashid, Khosrow; Ali Blandi, Leila; Bayat, Ahmed (2020). Comparing the state of compassion fatigue in teachers of special education schools in Hamadan based on age, gender and education. Psychology of exceptional people, 10(38), 189-206. [in Persian] Rehman, B., Alam, K., Zia, M. U., & Butt, M. A. A. (2025). The Role of Teacher Emotional Wellbeing in Promoting Inclusive Education for Children with Learning Difficulties in Rural Pakistan. Social Science Review Archives, 3(4), 1303-1319. Rozi, F., Hina, S., & Paramole, O. C. (2025). Overcoming Teacher Burnout to Improve Performance through Spiritual Approach Services. Business and Applied Management Journal, 2(2), 60-70. Salehi, L., Saif, D. (2013). The model of predicting feeling of loneliness based on teacher-student interaction and competence perception dimensions among teenagers with and without visual impairment. Quarterly Journal of Psychology of Exceptional People. 3(2) 43-64. [in Persian] Salimi, A., Jokar, B., Nikpour, R. (2009). Internet communication in life: Investigating the role of perceived social support and loneliness in using the Internet. Psychological Studies, 5(3), 81-102. [in Persian] Sang, G., Yuan, C., Wang, M., Chen, J., Han, X., & Zhang, R. (2022). What Causes Burnout in Special School Physical Education Teachers? Evidence from China. Sustainability, 14(20), 13037. Scherer, L. L., Allen, J. A., & Harp, E. R. (2016). Grin and bear it: An examination of volunteers’ fit with their organization, burnout and spirituality. Burnout research, 3(1), 1-10. Sharma, S. K; & Sharma, A. (2018). Workplace spirituality and burnout. International Journal of Behavioural and Healthcare Research, 6(2), 136-148. Szabo, E., & Jagodics, B. (2019). Teacher burnout in the light of workplace, organizational, and social factors. Hungarian Educational Research Journal, 9(3), 539-559. Talidong, K. J. B., & Toquero, C. M. D. (2020). Philippine teachers’ practices to deal with anxiety amid COVID-19. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 25(6-7), 573-579. Toral-Villanueva, R., Aguilar-Madrid, G., & Juárez-Pérez, C. A. (2009). Burnout and patient care in junior doctors in Mexico City. Occupational medicine, 59(1), 8-13. Vallabh, P., & Singhal, M. (2014). Workplace spirituality facilitation: A person–organization fit approach. Journal of human values, 20(2), 193-207. Vargas Rubilar, N., & Oros, L. B. (2021). Stress and burnout in teachers during times of pandemic. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 756007. Winding, T. N., Aust, B., & Andersen, L. P. S. (2022). The association between pupils´ aggressive behaviour and burnout among Danish school teachers-the role of stress and social support at work. BMC public health, 22(1), 1-12. World Health Organization. (2023). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. Retrieve from: https://covid19.who.int/table. Xiao, C. (2020). A Novel Approach of Consultation on 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)-Related Psychological and Mental Problems: Structured Letter Therapy. Psychiatry Investigation, 17(2), 175-176. Yao, J., & Abdullah, M. N. L. Y. (2025). Five decades of teacher burnout research (1970–2024): A comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Acta Psychologica, 259, 105318. Zendarski, N., Haebich, K., Bhide, S., Quek, J., Nicholson, J. M., Jacobs, K. E., Efron, D. & Sciberras, E. (2020). Student teacher relationship quality in children with and without ADHD: A cross – sectional community-based study. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 51(1), 275-284. Zhang, M., Bai, Y., & Li, Z. (2020). Effect of Resilience on the Mental Health of Special Education Teachers: Moderating Effect of Teaching Barriers. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 13(1), 537-544. Zhen, B., Yao, B., & Zhou, X. (2022). Acute stress disorder and job burnout in primary and secondary school teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic: The moderating effect of sense of control. Current Psychology, online published, 1-8. Zhou, P., Yang, X.-L., Wang, X.-G., Hu, B., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Si, H.-R., Zhu, Y., Li, B., Huang, C.-L., et al. (2020b). A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature, 579(1), 270–273. Ziaian-Ghafari, N., & Berg, D. H. (2019). Compassion fatigue: The experiences of teachers working with students with exceptionalities. Exceptionality Education International, 29(1), 32-53. Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of personality assessment, 52(1), 30-41. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 92 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 96 |
||