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از بازتاب تا رفتار: مرور نظاممند اثر درمان بازتابی بر نشانههای اختلال طیف اوتیسم و اختلال نارسایی توجه_بیشفعالی | ||
| نشریۀ مشاوره توانبخشی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 2، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 6، شهریور 1405، صفحه 435-448 اصل مقاله (607.88 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jrc.2026.146419.1046 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| غزاله نهاوندی* 1؛ سعید رضایی2 | ||
| 1گروه روانشناسی وآموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2گروه روانشناسی کودکان استثنایی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| زمینه و هدف: بازتابهای اولیه نقش مهمی در تحول مغز کودکان دارد. بااینحال، تعداد زیادی از این بازتابها باید به مرور زمان در کودکی مهار شوند. در اختلال طیف اوتیسم و اختلال نارسایی توجه_بیشفعالی برخی از این بازتابها باقی میمانند و مشکلات متعددی را برای افراد مبتلا به اختلالها به وجود میآورند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی مداخلات مبنی بر بازتابها مؤثر بر کاهش نشانههای اختلال طیف اوتیسم و اختلال نارسایی توجه_بیشفعالی انجام شد. روش: این پژوهش مروری نظاممند مطابق با چکلیست پریزما اجرا شده است. در این مقاله، پژوهشهای انجامشده در حوزه مداخلات بازتابی مؤثر بر کاهش نشانههای اختلال طیف اوتیسم و نارسایی توجه_بیشفعالی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای دسترسی به مقالات علمی از پایگاههای اطلاعاتی PubMed، Scopus، WOS، و ResearchGate، مگ ایران، نورمگز، و پایگاه مرکز اطلاعات علمی جهاد دانشگاهی استفاده شد. کلیدواژههای انگلیسی Reflex، Primitive Reflex، Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder، ADHD، attention-deficit، Autism Spectrum Disorder، ASD، Randomized controlled trial، Controlled clinical trial، Intervention و معادل فارسی آنها مورد جستوجو قرار گرفت. از بین 83 مطالعه مورد بررسی، 6 مقاله شرایط موردنظر را داشتند. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که مداخلات مبنی بر بازتابهای اجراشده بر گروه مبتلایان به اختلال طیف اوتیسم و نارسایی توجه_بیشفعالی شامل؛ ماساژ و رفلکسوتراپی، جابهجایی ستون فقرات، تحریکات حسی، و تحریکات حرکتی است. این مداخلات بر کاهش نشانههای اختلالات طیف اوتیسم و نارسایی توجه_بیشفعالی مؤثر بودند. رفلوکسولوژی و تمرینات حرکتی از جمله مداخلات مشترک برای هر دو اختلال بود. مداخله ماساژ و جابهجایی ستون فقرات فقط در گروه مبتلایان به اختلال نارسایی توجه_بیشفعالی و اثربخشی تحریکات حسی تنها در گروه مبتلایان به اختلال طیف اوتیسم مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. نتیجهگیری: مداخلات بازتابی بر کاهش نشانههای اختلال طیف اوتیسم و نارسایی توجه_بیشفعالی مؤثر است. و ضروری است که پژوهشهای بیشتری در زمینه بررسی بازتابها و اثر آنها بر اختلالها انجام شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اختلال طیف اوتیسم؛ اختلال نارسایی توجه_بیشفعالی؛ بازتاب | ||
| مراجع | ||
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