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واکاوی پدیده تدریس برای آزمون در درس زیستشناسی | ||
تدریس پژوهی | ||
مقاله 5، دوره 11، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 32، مهر 1402، صفحه 113-84 اصل مقاله (1.53 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/trj.2023.138986.1779 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
غلامرضا یادگارزاده* 1؛ محبوبه خسروی2؛ فاطمه صادقی سینی3 | ||
1استادیار مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران. | ||
2دانشیار مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران. | ||
3دانشآموخته مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
زمینه و هدف: هرساله داوطلبان زیادی برای ورود به رشتههای پزشکی، داروسازی و دندانپزشکی در گروه تجربی آزمون سراسری (به عنوان مهمترین آزمون ورودی به آموزش عالی) شرکت میکنند و موفقیت در آزمون برای آنها از اهمیت و اولویت بسیار بالایی برخوردار است. ماهیت آزمون، فرایند آمادگی داوطلبان و اهمیت و اولویت آن، پدیدهای به نام تدریس برای آزمون را در نظام آموزش متوسطه رایج کرده است. بر این اساس هدف پژوهش حاضر واکاوی پدیده تدریس برای آزمون در درس زیستشناسی می باشد. روش تحقیق: روش پژوهش حاضر روش کیفی از نوع پدیدارشناسی تفسیری است. مشارکتکنندگان از بین معلمان نواحی ششگانه و مدرسان آموزشگاهی درس زیستشناسی شهر اصفهان با روش نمونهگیری هدفمند گلوله برفی و به تعداد 15 نفر انتخاب شدند. ابزار اندازهگیری مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته است که با استفاده از دانش نظری مرتبط با موضوع طراحی و ساخته شده است. برای تحلیل، مصاحبه معلمان به متن تبدیل و با استفاده از روش دیکلمن، آلن و تنر، ابتدا مفاهیم اولیه و سپس درونمایههای فرعی و نهایتاً درونمایههای اصلی استخراج شدند. یافتهها: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد تدریس برای آزمون پدیدهای رایج در نظام آموزش متوسطه است بهنحوی که تمامی فعالیتهای آموزشی مدرسه بر آزمون متمرکز میشود و تلاش معلمان و دانشآموزان بر موفقیت در آزمون قرار میگیرد. این پدیده ضمن ایجاد اختلال در فرایند تدریس و یادگیری منجر به رواج تدریس سطحی مفاهیم و موضوعات درسی و تمرکز بر تکنیک تستزنی میشود. نتیجهگیری: آزمون سراسری به دلیل حساسیت زیاد و اثرگذاری بر آینده داوطلبان، روشهای یاددهی_یادگیری معلمان و سبک یادگیری دانشآموزان را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد و این اثرگذاری منجر به رواج پدیده تدریس برای آزمون در دروس دوره متوسطه خصوصاً درس زیستشناسی شده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تدریس برای آزمون؛ آزمون سراسری؛ برنامه درسی؛ تدریس؛ آزمون؛ زیستشناسی | ||
مراجع | ||
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